Index
Chapter 7 · Item 7.1
Addition of angular momenta: chapter roadmap
From interacting angular momenta to coupled bases and applications
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Guided reading

The chapter starts from physical Hamiltonians containing more than one angular momentum and then develops the basis language needed to treat those systems.

This first item is intentionally qualitative. The detailed definitions, calculations and examples are developed in the following items and in Chapter 7.

Physical starting point

The opening section introduces interaction terms involving two angular momenta: exchange interactions, spin-orbit coupling, local anisotropy and the Zeeman interaction.

The common issue is that the Hamiltonian contains more than one angular momentum, so the local labels alone are not always the most useful basis labels.

What the chapter builds

The chapter constructs the coupled basis from angular momenta that first live in independent Hilbert subspaces.

The local basis keeps the individual projections visible; the coupled basis keeps the total angular momentum and total projection visible.

Chapter sequence
  • interactions between angular momenta;
  • commutation relations and the local/coupled bases;
  • vectors in sequential and non-sequential coupled bases;
  • Hilbert-space expansion by tensor products;
  • Clebsch-Gordan coefficients and basis-change matrices;
  • basis change of operators;
  • magnetic moment, Zeeman effect and Hund's rules.
Reading boundary

This roadmap should be used only to keep the logic of the chapter visible. It does not replace the worked algebra, the derivations or the examples.

The mathematical details begin in the next item, with the interaction Hamiltonians and the addition problem they motivate.

Source note: Original auxiliary summary for this book-app, based on Chapter 7 of Mario Reis, Quantum Mechanics, Elsevier, 2026. Book text and figures are copyright © 2026 Elsevier Inc.; consult the original book for complete demonstrations, examples and exercises.